*,
*::before,
*::after {
  box-sizing: border-box;
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0
}

:root {
  --red: #DE253A;
  --red-h: #C41F32;
  --red-tint: #FBE9EB;
  --red-soft: rgba(222, 37, 58, .12);
  --black: #0A0A0A;
  --ink: #0E0E0F;
  --white: #FFFFFF;
  --g60: #565656;
  --g40: #8A8A8A;
  --g20: #D0D0D0;
  --g10: #E8E8E8;
  --g05: #F5F5F5;
  --g02: #F8F8F8;
  --px: 80px;
  --py: 96px;
  --cont: 1170px;
  --ease: cubic-bezier(.16, 1, .3, 1);
}

html {
  scroll-behavior: smooth
}

body {
  font-size: 15px;
  color: var(--ink);
  background: #fff;
  line-height: 1.6;
  overflow-x: hidden
}

img {
  max-width: 100%;
  height: auto;
  display: block
}

a {
  color: inherit;
  text-decoration: none
}

button {
  font-family: inherit
}

.wrap {
  max-width: var(--cont);
  margin: 0 auto;
  padding: 0 var(--px)
}

.skip-link {
  position: absolute;
  left: -9999px;
  top: 8px;
  background: var(--red);
  color: #fff;
  padding: 8px 14px;
  border-radius: 4px;
  font-size: 13px;
  font-weight: 600;
  z-index: 9999
}

.skip-link:focus {
  left: 14px
}

[data-r] {
  opacity: 0;
  transform: translateY(20px);
  transition: opacity .7s var(--ease), transform .7s var(--ease)
}

[data-r].in {
  opacity: 1;
  transform: none
}

.eyebrow {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 10px;
 
  font-size: 10.5px;
  letter-spacing: .18em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--red);
  font-weight: 600
}

.eyebrow::before {
  content: "";
  width: 24px;
  height: 1px;
  background: var(--red)
}

.h2 {
  
  font-size: clamp(28px, 3.4vw, 42px);
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: -.025em;
  line-height: 1.1;
  color: var(--ink)
}

.h2 em {
  font-style: normal;
  color: var(--red)
}

/* ═══ READING PROGRESS BAR ═══ */
.progress {
  position: fixed;
  top: 0;
  left: 0;
  right: 0;
  height: 3px;
  background: rgba(222, 37, 58, .08);
  z-index: 300
}

.progress-bar {
  height: 100%;
  background: var(--red);
  width: 0%;
  transition: width .1s linear;
  box-shadow: 0 0 8px rgba(222, 37, 58, .4)
}

/* ═══ BUTTONS ═══ */
.btn {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  height: 46px;
  padding: 0 22px;
  border-radius: 6px;
  
  font-size: 13px;
  font-weight: 600;
  letter-spacing: .01em;
  cursor: pointer;
  border: none;
  text-decoration: none;
  white-space: nowrap;
  transition: transform .15s
}

.btn:active {
  transform: scale(.97)
}

.btn-sm {
  height: 38px;
  padding: 0 16px;
  font-size: 12.5px
}

.btn-p {
  background: var(--red);
  color: #fff;
  transition: background .2s
}

.btn-p:hover {
  background: var(--red-h)
}

.btn-p svg {
  width: 14px;
  height: 14px;
  margin-left: 8px;
  stroke: currentColor;
  fill: none;
  stroke-width: 2;
  stroke-linecap: round;
  stroke-linejoin: round;
  transition: transform .2s
}

.btn-p:hover svg {
  transform: translateX(-9px)
}

/* ═══ TOPBAR / NAV (locked) ═══ */
.topbar {
  position: fixed;
  top: 0;
  left: 0;
  right: 0;
  height: 38px;
  background: var(--black);
  color: #fff;
  z-index: 201;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
 
  font-size: 11px;
  letter-spacing: .04em
}

.topbar-i {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: space-between;
  width: 100%
}

.topbar-phone {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 8px;
  color: rgba(255, 255, 255, .85)
}

.topbar-phone svg {
  width: 11px;
  height: 11px;
  fill: currentColor
}

.topbar-chat {
  background: transparent;
  border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, .18);
  color: #fff;
  padding: 5px 12px;
  border-radius: 99px;
 
  font-size: 10.5px;
  letter-spacing: .06em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 7px;
  cursor: pointer;
  transition: border-color .2s, background .2s
}

.topbar-chat:hover {
  background: var(--red);
  border-color: var(--red)
}

.topbar-chat-dot {
  width: 6px;
  height: 6px;
  border-radius: 50%;
  background: var(--red);
  box-shadow: 0 0 6px var(--red);
  animation: dotPulse 1.6s ease-in-out infinite
}

@keyframes dotPulse {

  0%,
  100% {
    opacity: 1
  }

  50% {
    opacity: .4
  }
}

.nav {
  position: fixed;
  top: 38px;
  left: 0;
  right: 0;
  height: 72px;
  z-index: 200;
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, .96);
  backdrop-filter: blur(14px);
  -webkit-backdrop-filter: blur(14px);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--g10);
  transition: background .3s
}

.nav-i {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: space-between;
  height: 72px
}

.logo {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 10px;
  color: var(--ink)
}

.logo-t {
  
  font-size: 15px;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: .06em;
  color: #000000;
}

.nav-links {
  list-style: none;
  display: flex;
  gap: 34px;
  align-items: center
}

.nav-links a {
  
  font-size: 13.5px;
  font-weight: 500;
  color: var(--g60);
  transition: color .2s
}

.nav-links a:hover,
.nav-links a.active {
  color: var(--ink)
}

.nav-cta .btn {
  background: var(--ink);
  color: #fff;
  border: 0
}

.nav-cta .btn:hover {
  background: var(--red)
}

.nav-burger {
  display: none;
  width: 42px;
  height: 42px;
  background: transparent;
  border: 1px solid var(--g10);
  border-radius: 8px;
  color: var(--ink);
  cursor: pointer;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center
}

.nav-burger svg {
  width: 18px;
  height: 18px;
  stroke: currentColor;
  fill: none;
  stroke-width: 2;
  stroke-linecap: round
}

/* ═══ ARTICLE HEADER ═══ */
.ahead {
  padding: 150px 0 56px;
  background: #fff;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--g10)
}

.bcrumb {
 
  font-size: 10.5px;
  letter-spacing: .14em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--g40);
  margin-bottom: 24px;
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 8px;
  align-items: center
}

.bcrumb a {
  color: var(--g60);
  transition: color .2s
}

.bcrumb a:hover {
  color: var(--red)
}

.bcrumb .sep {
  color: var(--g20)
}

.bcrumb [aria-current] {
  color: var(--ink)
}

.acat {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 8px;
  background: var(--red-soft);
  color: var(--red);
 
  font-size: 10.5px;
  letter-spacing: .14em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  font-weight: 700;
  padding: 7px 12px;
  border-radius: 99px;
  margin-bottom: 22px
}

.atitle {
  
  font-size: clamp(32px, 4.8vw, 56px);
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: -.028em;
  line-height: 1.08;
  color: var(--ink);
  margin-bottom: 20px;
  max-width: 880px
}

.atitle em {
  font-style: normal;
  color: var(--red)
}

.adek {
  font-size: 19px;
  line-height: 1.6;
  color: var(--g60);
  max-width: 760px;
  margin-bottom: 36px
}

.abyrow {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: space-between;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 24px;
  padding-top: 24px;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--g10)
}

.abyline {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 14px;
  font-style: normal
}

.aavatar {
  width: 48px;
  height: 48px;
  border-radius: 50%;
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--red), #C41F32);
  color: #fff;
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  
  font-weight: 700;
  font-size: 16px;
  flex-shrink: 0
}

.abyline-name {
  
  font-size: 15px;
  font-weight: 600;
  color: var(--ink);
  letter-spacing: -.005em;
  line-height: 1.3
}

.abyline-name a {
  color: inherit;
  border-bottom: 1px solid transparent;
  transition: border-color .2s
}

.abyline-name a:hover {
  border-bottom-color: var(--red)
}

.abyline-role {
 
  font-size: 11px;
  letter-spacing: .06em;
  color: var(--g40);
  margin-top: 3px
}

.abyline-role a {
  color: var(--g60);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--g10);
  transition: border-color .2s
}

.abyline-role a:hover {
  border-bottom-color: var(--red)
}

.adates {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 18px;
 
  font-size: 11px;
  letter-spacing: .06em;
  color: var(--g40)
}

.adates strong {
  color: var(--ink);
  
  font-weight: 600;
  text-transform: none;
  letter-spacing: -.005em
}

.adates time {
  color: var(--ink);
  font-weight: 600
}

.ashare {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 8px
}

.ashare-btn {
  width: 36px;
  height: 36px;
  border-radius: 50%;
  background: #fff;
  border: 1px solid var(--g10);
  color: var(--g60);
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  cursor: pointer;
  transition: border-color .2s, color .2s, background .2s
}

.ashare-btn:hover {
  border-color: var(--red);
  color: var(--red);
  background: var(--red-soft)
}

.ashare-btn svg {
  width: 14px;
  height: 14px;
  stroke: currentColor;
  fill: none;
  stroke-width: 2;
  stroke-linecap: round;
  stroke-linejoin: round
}

/* ═══ FEATURED IMAGE ═══ */
.afeat {
  padding: 0;
  background: #fff
}

.afeat-img {
  max-width: 1200px;
  margin: 0 auto;
  border-radius: 14px;
  overflow: hidden;
  aspect-ratio: 2.1 / 1;
  background: var(--g05)
}

.afeat-img img {
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  object-fit: cover
}

.afeat-cap {
  max-width: 780px;
  margin: 14px auto 0;
  padding: 0 var(--px);
 
  font-size: 11px;
  letter-spacing: .04em;
  color: var(--g40);
  text-align: center;
  line-height: 1.5
}

.afeat-cap cite {
  font-style: normal
}

/* ═══ TWO-COLUMN BODY LAYOUT ═══ */
.abody {
  padding: 72px 0 var(--py);
  background: #fff
}

.abody-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 240px 1fr;
  gap: 64px;
  max-width: 1100px;
  margin: 0 auto
}

/* TOC */
.atoc {
  position: sticky;
  top: 130px;
  align-self: start
}

.atoc-l {
 
  font-size: 10px;
  letter-spacing: .18em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--g40);
  font-weight: 700;
  margin-bottom: 18px;
  padding-bottom: 12px;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--g10)
}

.atoc ol {
  list-style: none;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 9px;
  counter-reset: tocn
}

.atoc li {
  counter-increment: tocn;
  font-size: 12.5px;
  line-height: 1.5
}

.atoc a {
  display: flex;
  gap: 10px;
  color: var(--g60);
  padding: 5px 0;
  border-left: 2px solid transparent;
  padding-left: 10px;
  margin-left: -12px;
  transition: color .2s, border-color .2s
}

.atoc a::before {
  content: counter(tocn, decimal-leading-zero);
 
  color: var(--g20);
  font-size: 10.5px;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: .06em;
  flex-shrink: 0;
  margin-top: 2px
}

.atoc a:hover,
.atoc a.is-active {
  color: var(--ink);
  border-left-color: var(--red)
}

.atoc a:hover::before,
.atoc a.is-active::before {
  color: var(--red)
}

/* Article body typography */
.aprose {
  font-size: 17px;
  line-height: 1.78;
  color: var(--ink);
  max-width: 720px
}

.aprose>*+* {
  margin-top: 1.4em
}

.aprose h2 {
  
  font-size: clamp(24px, 2.6vw, 32px);
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: -.02em;
  line-height: 1.18;
  color: var(--ink);
  margin-top: 2.6em;
  padding-top: .4em;
  scroll-margin-top: 130px
}

.aprose h2:first-child {
  margin-top: 0;
  padding-top: 0
}

.aprose h3 {
  
  font-size: clamp(19px, 2vw, 22px);
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: -.012em;
  line-height: 1.25;
  color: var(--ink);
  margin-top: 1.8em
}

.aprose p {
  font-size: 17px;
  line-height: 1.78;
  color: var(--g60)
}

.aprose p strong,
.aprose li strong {
  color: var(--ink);
  font-weight: 600
}

.aprose a {
  color: var(--red);
  border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(222, 37, 58, .3);
  transition: border-color .2s
}

.aprose a:hover {
  border-bottom-color: var(--red)
}

.aprose ul,
.aprose ol {
  padding-left: 24px;
  color: var(--g60)
}

.aprose li {
  margin-bottom: .6em;
  line-height: 1.7
}

.aprose li::marker {
  color: var(--red)
}

.aprose dfn {
  font-style: normal;
  font-weight: 700;
  color: var(--ink);
  border-bottom: 1px dotted var(--g20)
}

.aprose code {
 
  font-size: 14px;
  background: var(--g05);
  padding: 2px 6px;
  border-radius: 4px;
  color: var(--red);
  border: 1px solid var(--g10)
}

.aprose pre {
 
  font-size: 13.5px;
  line-height: 1.6;
  background: var(--ink);
  color: #fff;
  padding: 24px 28px;
  border-radius: 10px;
  overflow-x: auto;
  margin: 1.6em 0
}

.aprose pre code {
  background: transparent;
  border: 0;
  color: #fff;
  padding: 0;
  font-size: inherit
}

.aprose cite {
  font-style: normal;
 
  font-size: 12px;
  color: var(--g40);
  letter-spacing: .04em
}

/* TL;DR / Key Takeaways box */
.atldr {
  background: var(--g05);
  border-left: 3px solid var(--red);
  border-radius: 0 10px 10px 0;
  padding: 24px 28px;
  margin: 0 0 2em
}

.atldr-l {
 
  font-size: 10.5px;
  letter-spacing: .18em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--red);
  font-weight: 700;
  margin-bottom: 12px
}

.atldr h2 {
  
  font-size: 18px !important;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: -.012em;
  margin-top: 0 !important;
  padding-top: 0 !important;
  margin-bottom: 14px;
  color: var(--ink)
}

.atldr ul {
  list-style: none;
  padding: 0 !important;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 10px
}

.atldr li {
  font-size: 14.5px;
  line-height: 1.6;
  color: var(--ink);
  padding-left: 24px;
  position: relative;
  margin-bottom: 0
}

.atldr li::before {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  left: 0;
  top: 8px;
  width: 14px;
  height: 2px;
  background: var(--red)
}

.atldr li::marker {
  display: none
}

.atldr li strong {
  color: var(--ink);
  font-weight: 600
}

/* Stat callouts */
.astat {
  background: var(--ink);
  color: #fff;
  border-radius: 14px;
  padding: 36px 36px;
  margin: 2em 0;
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: auto 1fr;
  gap: 32px;
  align-items: center;
  position: relative;
  overflow: hidden
}

.astat::before {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  background: radial-gradient(ellipse at 100% 0%, rgba(222, 37, 58, .22) 0%, transparent 55%);
  pointer-events: none
}

.astat-v {
  
  font-size: clamp(48px, 5.6vw, 72px);
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: -.04em;
  color: var(--red);
  line-height: .9;
  position: relative
}

.astat-c {
  position: relative
}

.astat-l {
 
  font-size: 10.5px;
  letter-spacing: .14em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: rgba(255, 255, 255, .55);
  font-weight: 700;
  margin-bottom: 8px
}

.astat-c p {
  
  font-size: 18px;
  line-height: 1.4;
  color: #fff;
  font-weight: 500;
  letter-spacing: -.012em;
  margin: 0
}

.astat-c cite {
 
  font-size: 11px;
  color: rgba(255, 255, 255, .5);
  letter-spacing: .04em;
  display: block;
  margin-top: 10px
}

/* Pull quote */
.apull {
  border-left: 3px solid var(--red);
  padding: 8px 0 8px 28px;
  margin: 2em 0;
  
  font-size: 24px;
  line-height: 1.35;
  font-weight: 600;
  letter-spacing: -.02em;
  color: var(--ink);
  font-style: italic
}

.apull cite {
  display: block;
  margin-top: 14px;
 
  font-size: 11px;
  letter-spacing: .06em;
  color: var(--g40);
  font-style: normal;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  font-weight: 600
}

/* Inline figure */
.afig {
  margin: 2em 0
}

.afig img {
  border-radius: 10px;
  width: 100%
}

.afig figcaption {
 
  font-size: 11px;
  letter-spacing: .04em;
  color: var(--g40);
  text-align: center;
  margin-top: 12px;
  line-height: 1.5
}

/* ═══ EEAT: SOURCES SECTION ═══ */
.asrc {
  background: var(--g05);
  border: 1px solid var(--g10);
  border-radius: 12px;
  padding: 32px 32px;
  margin: 3em 0
}

.asrc-l {
 
  font-size: 10.5px;
  letter-spacing: .18em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--red);
  font-weight: 700;
  margin-bottom: 8px
}

.asrc h2 {
  
  font-size: 20px !important;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: -.015em;
  color: var(--ink);
  margin: 0 0 16px !important;
  padding-top: 0 !important
}

.asrc-list {
  list-style: none;
  padding: 0 !important;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 14px
}

.asrc-list li {
  font-size: 14px;
  line-height: 1.6;
  color: var(--g60);
  padding-left: 0;
  margin-bottom: 0
}

.asrc-list li strong {
  color: var(--ink);
  font-weight: 600
}

.asrc-list cite {
 
  font-size: 11px;
  color: var(--g40);
  font-style: normal;
  display: block;
  margin-top: 3px
}

.asrc-list a {
  color: var(--red);
  border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(222, 37, 58, .3)
}

/* ═══ EEAT: METHODOLOGY ═══ */
.ameth {
  background: #fff;
  border: 1px solid var(--g10);
  border-radius: 12px;
  padding: 32px;
  margin: 2em 0
}

.ameth-l {
 
  font-size: 10.5px;
  letter-spacing: .18em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--red);
  font-weight: 700;
  margin-bottom: 8px
}

.ameth h2 {
  
  font-size: 20px !important;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: -.015em;
  color: var(--ink);
  margin: 0 0 14px !important;
  padding-top: 0 !important
}

.ameth p {
  font-size: 14.5px;
  line-height: 1.7;
  color: var(--g60);
  margin-bottom: 14px
}

.ameth-meta {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr);
  gap: 12px;
  margin-top: 18px;
  padding-top: 18px;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--g10)
}

.ameth-meta div {
 
  font-size: 11px;
  letter-spacing: .06em;
  color: var(--g40)
}

.ameth-meta strong {
  display: block;
  
  font-size: 13.5px;
  color: var(--ink);
  font-weight: 600;
  letter-spacing: -.005em;
  text-transform: none;
  margin-top: 2px
}

/* ═══ FAQ ═══ */
.afaq {
  padding: var(--py) 0;
  background: var(--g05);
  border-top: 1px solid var(--g10)
}

.afaq .wrap {
  max-width: 880px
}

.afaq-hd {
  text-align: center;
  margin-bottom: 42px
}

.afaq-hd h2 {
  
  font-size: clamp(28px, 3.4vw, 38px);
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: -.025em;
  color: var(--ink);
  margin-top: 14px
}

.afaq-hd p {
  font-size: 15px;
  color: var(--g60);
  margin-top: 14px
}

.afaq-list {
  background: #fff;
  border: 1px solid var(--g10);
  border-radius: 12px;
  overflow: hidden
}

.afaq-item {
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--g10)
}

.afaq-item:last-child {
  border-bottom: 0
}

.afaq-item summary {
  list-style: none;
  cursor: pointer;
  padding: 22px 26px;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: space-between;
  gap: 16px;
  background: #fff;
  transition: background .2s
}

.afaq-item summary::-webkit-details-marker {
  display: none
}

.afaq-item summary:hover {
  background: var(--g05)
}

.afaq-q {
  
  font-size: 15.5px;
  font-weight: 600;
  color: var(--ink);
  letter-spacing: -.005em;
  line-height: 1.4;
  flex: 1
}

.afaq-i {
  flex-shrink: 0;
  width: 28px;
  height: 28px;
  border-radius: 50%;
  background: var(--g05);
  color: var(--g60);
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  
  font-size: 18px;
  font-weight: 400;
  line-height: 1;
  transition: background .2s, color .2s
}

.afaq-item[open] .afaq-i {
  background: var(--red);
  color: #fff
}

.afaq-a {
  padding: 0 26px 26px;
  font-size: 14.5px;
  line-height: 1.78;
  color: var(--g60)
}

.afaq-a p {
  margin: 0 0 12px
}

.afaq-a strong {
  color: var(--ink);
  font-weight: 600
}

.afaq-a a {
  color: var(--red);
  border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(222, 37, 58, .3)
}

/* ═══ GLOSSARY ═══ */
.aglos {
  padding: var(--py) 0;
  background: #fff
}

.aglos .wrap {
  max-width: 1080px
}

.aglos-hd {
  text-align: center;
  margin-bottom: 42px;
  max-width: 680px;
  margin-left: auto;
  margin-right: auto
}

.aglos-hd h2 {
  
  font-size: clamp(28px, 3.4vw, 38px);
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: -.025em;
  color: var(--ink);
  margin-top: 14px
}

.aglos-hd p {
  font-size: 15px;
  color: var(--g60);
  margin-top: 14px;
  line-height: 1.7
}

.aglos-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr);
  gap: 18px
}

.aglos-item {
  background: var(--g05);
  border: 1px solid var(--g10);
  border-radius: 12px;
  padding: 22px 22px;
  transition: border-color .2s, transform .2s
}

.aglos-item:hover {
  border-color: var(--red);
  transform: translateY(-2px)
}

.aglos-item dt {
  
  font-size: 14px;
  font-weight: 700;
  color: var(--red);
  letter-spacing: -.008em;
  margin-bottom: 8px
}

.aglos-item dt dfn {
  font-style: normal;
  font-weight: 700
}

.aglos-item dd {
  font-size: 13px;
  color: var(--g60);
  line-height: 1.6;
  margin: 0
}

/* ═══ AUTHOR BIO (EEAT) ═══ */
.abio {
  padding: var(--py) 0;
  background: var(--g05);
  border-top: 1px solid var(--g10)
}

.abio .wrap {
  max-width: 880px
}

.abio-card {
  background: #fff;
  border: 1px solid var(--g10);
  border-radius: 14px;
  padding: 42px;
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 120px 1fr;
  gap: 36px;
  align-items: start
}

.abio-avatar {
  width: 120px;
  height: 120px;
  border-radius: 50%;
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--red), #C41F32);
  color: #fff;
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  
  font-weight: 700;
  font-size: 36px;
  flex-shrink: 0
}

.abio-l {
 
  font-size: 10.5px;
  letter-spacing: .18em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--red);
  font-weight: 700;
  margin-bottom: 8px
}

.abio h2 {
  
  font-size: 24px;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: -.018em;
  color: var(--ink);
  line-height: 1.2;
  margin-bottom: 6px
}

.abio-role {
 
  font-size: 11.5px;
  letter-spacing: .06em;
  color: var(--g40);
  margin-bottom: 18px
}

.abio p {
  font-size: 14.5px;
  line-height: 1.7;
  color: var(--g60);
  margin-bottom: 16px
}

.abio-creds {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 8px;
  margin-bottom: 18px
}

.abio-creds span {
 
  font-size: 10.5px;
  letter-spacing: .06em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--g60);
  background: var(--g05);
  border: 1px solid var(--g10);
  padding: 6px 10px;
  border-radius: 99px;
  font-weight: 600
}

.abio-links {
  display: flex;
  gap: 14px;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
 
  font-size: 12px;
  letter-spacing: .04em
}

.abio-links a {
  color: var(--red);
  border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(222, 37, 58, .3);
  padding-bottom: 2px;
  transition: border-color .2s
}

.abio-links a:hover {
  border-bottom-color: var(--red)
}

/* ═══ REVIEWED BY (EEAT) ═══ */
.arev {
  background: #fff;
  border: 1px solid var(--g10);
  border-radius: 10px;
  padding: 18px 22px;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 16px;
  margin-top: 24px
}

.arev-ico {
  width: 36px;
  height: 36px;
  border-radius: 50%;
  background: rgba(34, 197, 94, .14);
  color: #22C55E;
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  flex-shrink: 0
}

.arev-ico svg {
  width: 18px;
  height: 18px;
  stroke: currentColor;
  fill: none;
  stroke-width: 2.4;
  stroke-linecap: round;
  stroke-linejoin: round
}

.arev-body {
 
  font-size: 11.5px;
  letter-spacing: .04em;
  color: var(--g40);
  line-height: 1.5
}

.arev-body strong {
  
  font-size: 13px;
  color: var(--ink);
  font-weight: 600;
  letter-spacing: -.005em;
  text-transform: none;
  display: block;
  margin-bottom: 2px
}

.arev-body a {
  color: var(--red);
  border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(222, 37, 58, .3)
}

/* ═══ EDITORIAL STANDARDS ═══ */
.aed {
  padding: 48px 0;
  background: #fff;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--g10)
}

.aed .wrap {
  max-width: 880px
}

.aed-card {
  background: var(--g05);
  border-left: 3px solid var(--red);
  border-radius: 0 10px 10px 0;
  padding: 24px 28px
}

.aed-l {
 
  font-size: 10.5px;
  letter-spacing: .18em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--red);
  font-weight: 700;
  margin-bottom: 10px
}

.aed h2 {
  
  font-size: 18px;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: -.012em;
  color: var(--ink);
  margin-bottom: 12px
}

.aed p {
  font-size: 14px;
  line-height: 1.7;
  color: var(--g60);
  margin-bottom: 0
}

.aed p strong {
  color: var(--ink);
  font-weight: 600
}

.aed-row {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(4, 1fr);
  gap: 14px;
  margin-top: 18px
}

.aed-row div {
 
  font-size: 10.5px;
  letter-spacing: .06em;
  color: var(--g40)
}

.aed-row strong {
  display: block;
  
  font-size: 13px;
  color: var(--ink);
  font-weight: 600;
  letter-spacing: -.005em;
  text-transform: none;
  margin-top: 2px
}

/* ═══ RELATED ARTICLES ═══ */
.arel {
  padding: var(--py) 0;
  background: var(--g05);
  border-top: 1px solid var(--g10)
}

.arel-hd {
  margin-bottom: 42px;
  text-align: center;
  max-width: 680px;
  margin-left: auto;
  margin-right: auto
}

.arel-hd h2 {
  margin-top: 14px
}

.arel-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr);
  gap: 24px
}

.arel-card {
  background: #fff;
  border: 1px solid var(--g10);
  border-radius: 12px;
  padding: 24px 24px 22px;
  transition: border-color .25s, transform .25s, box-shadow .25s;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column
}

.arel-card:hover {
  border-color: var(--red);
  transform: translateY(-3px);
  box-shadow: 0 14px 28px rgba(222, 37, 58, .06)
}

.arel-tag {
 
  font-size: 10px;
  letter-spacing: .14em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--red);
  font-weight: 700;
  margin-bottom: 10px
}

.arel-card h3 {
  
  font-size: 16px;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: -.01em;
  line-height: 1.3;
  color: var(--ink);
  margin-bottom: 8px
}

.arel-card h3 a {
  color: inherit;
  transition: color .2s
}

.arel-card h3 a:hover {
  color: var(--red)
}

.arel-card p {
  font-size: 13px;
  line-height: 1.55;
  color: var(--g60);
  margin-bottom: 16px;
  flex: 1
}

.arel-card-foot {
 
  font-size: 10.5px;
  letter-spacing: .08em;
  color: var(--g40);
  text-transform: uppercase
}

/* ═══ CTA STRIP ═══ */
.acta {
  background: var(--ink);
  color: #fff;
  padding: var(--py) 0;
  position: relative;
  overflow: hidden;
  border-top: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, .04)
}

.acta::before {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  background: radial-gradient(ellipse at 50% 0%, rgba(222, 37, 58, .16) 0%, transparent 60%);
  pointer-events: none
}

.acta .wrap {
  position: relative;
  z-index: 1;
  text-align: center;
  max-width: 760px
}

.acta h2 {
  color: #fff;
  margin-top: 14px
}

.acta p {
  font-size: 16px;
  color: rgba(255, 255, 255, .7);
  line-height: 1.65;
  margin: 18px 0 32px
}

.acta-row {
  display: flex;
  gap: 14px;
  justify-content: center;
  flex-wrap: wrap
}

.acta .btn-p {
  background: var(--red)
}

.acta .btn-o {
  background: transparent;
  color: #fff;
  border: 1.5px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, .3);
  transition: background .2s, color .2s, border-color .2s
}

.acta .btn-o:hover {
  background: #fff;
  color: var(--ink);
  border-color: #fff
}

/* ═══ FOOTER (locked) ═══ */
.footer {
  background: var(--black);
  color: #fff;
  padding: 72px 0 28px;
  border-top: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, .05)
}

.footer .logo {
  color: #fff
}

.ft-top {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 300px repeat(3, 1fr);
  gap: 48px;
  padding-bottom: 48px;
  border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, .06);
  margin-bottom: 24px
}

.ft-brand .logo {
  margin-bottom: 18px
}

.ft-brand p {
  font-size: 13.5px;
  line-height: 1.7;

  max-width: 280px
}

.ft-col h5 {
 
  font-size: 10.5px;
  letter-spacing: .18em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: rgba(255, 255, 255, .42);
  font-weight: 600;
  margin-bottom: 18px
}

.ft-links {
  list-style: none;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 11px
}

.ft-links a {
  font-size: 13.5px;
  transition: color .15s
}

.ft-links a:hover {
  color: #fff
}

.ft-bot {
  display: flex;
  justify-content: space-between;
  align-items: center;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 14px;
 
  font-size: 10.5px;
  color: rgba(255, 255, 255, .32);
  letter-spacing: .06em
}

.ft-legal {
  display: flex;
  gap: 22px
}

.ft-legal a {
  color: rgba(255, 255, 255, .45);
  transition: color .15s
}

.ft-legal a:hover {
  color: #fff
}

/* ═══ RESPONSIVE ═══ */
@media(max-width:1100px) {
  :root {
    --px: 48px
  }

  .abody-grid {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    gap: 0;
    max-width: 760px
  }

  .atoc {
    position: static;
    margin-bottom: 36px;
    border: 1px solid var(--g10);
    border-radius: 10px;
    padding: 18px 22px;
    background: var(--g05)
  }

  .atoc ol {
    flex-direction: row;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    gap: 8px
  }

  .atoc a {
    border-left: 0;
    padding: 6px 12px;
    border: 1px solid var(--g10);
    border-radius: 99px;
    background: #fff;
    margin-left: 0
  }

  .atoc a:hover,
  .atoc a.is-active {
    background: var(--ink);
    color: #fff;
    border-color: var(--ink)
  }

  .atoc a:hover::before,
  .atoc a.is-active::before {
    color: #fff
  }

  .aglos-grid {
    grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr)
  }

  .arel-grid {
    grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr)
  }

  .ft-top {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    gap: 36px
  }
}

@media(max-width:900px) {
  .nav-burger {
    display: inline-flex
  }

  .nav-links {
    position: fixed;
    top: 110px;
    left: 14px;
    right: 14px;
    flex-direction: column;
    align-items: stretch;
    gap: 0;
    background: #fff;
    border: 1px solid var(--g10);
    border-radius: 12px;
    padding: 8px;
    box-shadow: 0 24px 64px rgba(0, 0, 0, .12);
    transform: translateY(-12px) scale(.98);
    opacity: 0;
    pointer-events: none;
    transition: opacity .25s, transform .25s;
    max-height: calc(100vh - 130px);
    overflow-y: auto;
    z-index: 199
  }

  .nav-links li {
    display: block;
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--g10)
  }

  .nav-links li:last-child {
    border-bottom: none
  }

  .nav-links a {
    display: block;
    padding: 14px 16px;
    font-size: 15px;
    color: var(--ink)
  }

  .nav.is-open .nav-links {
    opacity: 1;
    transform: none;
    pointer-events: auto
  }

  .nav-cta {
    display: none
  }
}

@media(max-width:760px) {
  .abyrow {
    flex-direction: column;
    align-items: flex-start;
    gap: 18px
  }

  .adates {
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    gap: 14px
  }

  .ashare {
    align-self: flex-start
  }

  .astat {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    padding: 28px 24px;
    gap: 18px;
    text-align: left
  }

  .abio-card {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    padding: 28px;
    gap: 22px;
    text-align: center
  }

  .abio-avatar {
    margin: 0 auto
  }

  .abio-creds,
  .abio-links {
    justify-content: center
  }

  .aglos-grid {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr
  }

  .arel-grid {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr
  }

  .aed-row {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr
  }

  .afeat-img {
    border-radius: 0
  }
}

@media(max-width:640px) {
  :root {
    --px: 22px;
    --py: 64px
  }

  .topbar {
    display: none
  }

  .nav {
    top: 0;
    height: 64px
  }

  .nav-i {
    height: 64px
  }

  .ahead {
    padding: 88px 0 40px
  }

  .atitle {
    font-size: 30px;
    letter-spacing: -.022em
  }

  .adek {
    font-size: 16px
  }

  .aprose {
    font-size: 16px
  }

  .aprose p {
    font-size: 16px
  }

  .apull {
    font-size: 19px;
    padding-left: 18px
  }

  .ameth-meta {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr
  }

  .ameth-meta div {
    padding-bottom: 12px;
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--g10)
  }

  .ameth-meta div:last-child {
    border-bottom: 0;
    padding-bottom: 0
  }

  .aed-row {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr
  }

  .abio-card {
    padding: 22px
  }

  .ft-top {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
    gap: 28px
  }
}

@media(max-width:480px) {
  .atitle {
    font-size: 26px
  }

  .ft-top {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    gap: 24px
  }
}

@media(prefers-reduced-motion:reduce) {

  *,
  *::before,
  *::after {
    animation: none !important;
    transition-duration: .01s !important
  }

  [data-r] {
    opacity: 1 !important;
    transform: none !important
  }
}

.on span.logo-t {
  color: #ffffff;
}

.footer span.logo-t {
  color: #ffffff;
}

.on .nav-links a {
  color: #c4c4c4;
}

.bnews .wpcf7 input[type="email"] {
  direction: ltr;
  width: 100%;
}

.aed a {
  color: #de253a;
  border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(222, 37, 58, .3);
}

address.abyline {
  width: 100%;
}

.afaq a {
  color: var(--red);
  border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(222, 37, 58, .3);
}

@media (max-width:768px) {
  .abody-grid {
    display: block !important;
  }
}